Combined face piece and automatic valve



Dec. 20, 1927. 1,653,572

- n. E. JACKSON COMBINED FACE PIECE AND AUTOMATIC VALVE Filed Dec. 30, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 //V VENTQR Dswms E. JACKSON I Afr-f2 Dec. 20, 1927. 1,653,572

0. E. JACKSON COMBINED FACE PIECE AND AUTOMATIC VALVE v Filed bee. so, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 //VVE/VTOR DENNIS E JACKSON 17'' TERA E Y Patented Dec. 20, 1927. I

'- were o STATES DENNIS E. JACKSON, 0F CINCINNATI, OI-I IO.

PATENT ea s COMBINED neon rrnon annnnceolun ifrc VALVE.

Application filed December 30, 1922, Serial No. 610,046.

varying sizes and contours of faces; to save expense in the use of oxygen or nitrous oxide or any anesthetic substance which may be adiniii'stered to the patient: and to provide means whereby OKYgQH or other gaseous sub stance n'iay be administered to the patient while at the same time the patient can volunta ily control such administration.

My invention con'sistsin providing a con bined face piece and valve for the admin-- istra tion of oliygen, anesthetic substances or other gaseous substances.

lily invention also consists in. the parts and in the construction, combination and arr'i igeuient of parts, as herein. set forth and clz: imed.

In the drawings:

1 is a plan View of the device in position tor breathing the ortiiary air' of the surrounding atmosphere;

Fig. a bottom view of the same;

Fig. ilis a side elevation showing the device in position upon the faceot a patient;

Fig. l is a section on the line 44 of Fig; 3 showing the operative parts in position which permits the patient to breathe the atmosphere:

Fi Sis a similar View showing the operative parts in position to permit the patient to breathe the anesthetic;

Fig. 6 is a section on the line 66 oi Fig.

" is a. plan View of the sponge rubber 'face.

patient, said shell carrying an oval shaped hollow clamp 2 hinged theretoat its rounded by opening or closing said clamp an oval shaped disk l'otspon'ge rubber or other suit- -able elastic resilient material, having an end 3 and arranged in such a manner that elongated central opening '5 therein, may be held firmly in an'air-tight position between said clamp and shell. In add tion, when arranged toruse, said disk 1s covercd'w1th a dam 6 comprising a thin soft,1flexible,

similar material. 7 v very cheap and'readily obtainable can be thrown away immediatelyalter use, a. new rubber dam being used for the next patient.

,elastic'membrane made of rubber or other This rubber 'dam being In adjusting for use said clamp is opened upon its hinge 7 to the position shown in Fig. 9. The heavy sponge rubber disk l is placed in position upon t h'e outer inclined flange or rim 8 of the shell and upon this is placed a sheet of thin flexible rubber dam 6', said dam being of slightly larger area than the clamp. The clamp is then closed upon said disk and dam and fastened down tightly by means of two hinged bolts 9 attached to the outer flange oft said clamp and adapted to engage in the slots 10 respectively, of two forked projecting ears 11 which extend out-' wardly trom'flan'ge8 of the shell,' said bolts each having awin'g-nut 12 engaging said ear's 11 by which said clamp is tightly drawn and held in positionagainst said dam and disk. When saidclanip is thus tightly closed and secured in clamped position the dam is cut, preferably with scissors, longitudinally ofits center, forming aslit 13 therein the length of'which' is so gauged that it will fit the face for which the daini's being prepared, depending upon the size and contour of the patients shape as to fit snugly at its edges between the clamp and the flanged edge ofthe shell. All connections between the oval clamp. 2, rubber dam 6, disk 4 and flange 8 of shell 1 are airtight. The sponge rubber disk 4 is radially slotted around in its central opening in such manner as to form a series of centrally extending and laterally inclined supporting tongues lat which when the face piece is not being used normally project outwardly be Said oval disk is of such size and.

I ma

yohd theplane oi' the external surface of the.

clamp. These tongues by their position are enabledordinarily to hold the rubber dam in a. position extended outwardly from the normalplane of the exterior surface of the clamp. This arrangement .will effect an airtight connection between the rubber dam and. the face of thepatient, when the shell is brought down over the face, as shown in Fig. 3, because the projecting tongues of the sponge rubber disk will automatically push the rubber dam outwardly in a direction away from the concavity 16 of the shell and hencecause the dam to conform exactly to and fit tightly against the surface of the patients face in anarea surrounding the nose and mouth. These tongues being flexible and independent of each other will cause the dainto fit comfortably and snugly into allcavities and over all eminences on the v patients face no matter what its general contour may be, as for instance, they will yield or recede inwardly into the cavity of the shell if there is a projecting part of the face which extends inwardly beyond the normal position of the tongues, while if hollows in the face occur as are present at the sides of the nose and in the area over the cheeks, if these he sunken, then the tongues will force the rubber dam to sink down tightly into these depressions. The pressure of the oxygen or gas which is being administered to the patient will always be slightly higher within the face piece than the outside atmospheric pressure. This increased pressure within the face piece will force the flexible rubber dam to fit down tightly against the face in all those areas which are not directly touched by the projecting tongues on the sponge rubber disk. While the disk carrying the centrally projecting tongues is preferably made of sponge rubber, it may, if desired, be made of any other suitable compressible and resilient material.

Connection between the cavity 16 and the shell 1 and an anesthesia machine or other device (not shown) with which the face piece is to be used is made through tube 17 connected to angular tube'18. The tubular passage in the base 19 of the angular or i...-

' shaped tube 18 is of larger bore for a portionof its length to form valve seat 20 at one end and valve seat 21 at the other end the latter being formed by the inner ground end of cup-shaped plug 22 extending into said bore and secured to said base by flange 23 held therein by screws. Tube 18 is made to form connection with an anes thesia machine or other device with which the face piece is being used.

Double faced double acting disk valve 2 f is mounted in said enlarged bore and is provided with shank or stem25 to which is pivotally attached connecting bar 26 at its inner end, said bar being pivotally connected at its outer end to- 'larm 27 extending through slot 28 and mounted on pivot 29. Cupshaped plug 22 is provided with a series of perforations 22. Headed slidable plunger 30 is mounted in the end of cupshaped plug 22 and is held therein by .hand lever 36 is mounted on pivot 37, and on the inner end of said hand lever an actuating lever 38 is pivotally mounted and is provided with a roller 39 held in constant engageinent with the head or cross bar'of the 't 4.0 by spring 4-1 connected at one end to one end of said actuating lever and at the other end to pin 42 mounted in hand lever 36. Spring 43 connected at one end to the housing and at the other end to one edge of hand lever 36 is provided for the purpose of automatically holding hand lever 86' in the position shown in Fig. 41. Hand grasp or hold 33 is provided on its outerend with projecting lug 4. and hand lever 36 is provided upon its outer end with hinged linl-r vardly 45 adapted when said hand lever is drawn to the position shown by Fig. 5, to engage said lug and hold the valve 2% in the position shown in said figure.

Pla e 46 covers the system of lovers and springs in housing 32, said plate being held in positionby screws 1-7. Angled plate i8 covers the slot-like opening between cupshaped plug 22 and housing 32, said angled plate being held in position by screws 429. Projecting eye 50 serves as a point of at tachment in case it is desired to hang the face piece and valve on a nitrous oxide ma chine or other device, not shown), the eye being simply slippeddown over a short vertical pin conveniently attached to said machine or device.

As a further matter of convenience the and mouth and gently pressed down until the nose and mouth and part of the chin together with a narrow strip of the surrounding area of the face are ail either passed through the slit in the rubber dam 6 and the opening 5 in the sponge rubber disk 4 into the cavity 16 of shell 1, or else are brought into direct Contact with rubber dam 6, thereby forming an air-tight connection 5 i of the patient between the patients face and the nitrous oxide machine, or other device, to which the face piece has been attached by means of the L or angular tube.

The patient now breathes back and forth through shell 1 and tube 17. From tube 17 there are two routes through either of which the patient may breathe. In the first case, if valve 2st be brought into the position shown in Fig. 5, then the patient can breathe back and forth through shell 1, tube 1? and tube 18, into and out of the rebreathing bag of the nitrous oxide machine or such other device as may be in use at the'time. Thus nitrous oxide, oxygen, the vapors of ether, chloroform, ethyl chloride, sonmo-form, etc., carbon dioxide or other gaseous substance may be administered to the patient, as desired.

In the second case, if valve 24 be brought into the position shown in Fig. l, then the patient can breathe back and forth'through shell 1, tube 17, cup-shaped. plug 22, and perforations 22, out into and back from the surrounding atmosphere. In this case the patient breathes air only. But the quick acting system of levers 36, 38, e0, 27 and will produce an instant change in the posiion valve Qelwhen hand lever 36 moved back and forth. In this manner itis pos sible for the patient to start to breathe through either of the two possible routes above described, but at any giveninstant while he is breathing at his usual rate and with ordinary force, hand lever 36 may be shifted from the position shown in Fig. l to the position shown in 5, or in the reverse direction, and this will cause the patient to breathe through the other'route. This can be done without any disturbance whatever to the patient and is of special importance when the face piece and valve are used in connection with metabolism devices or other similar types of apparatus.

The headed slidable plunger 30 has a special function to perform which may be described as follows. If one uses the face piece with a nitrous oxide machine in which a closed system of anesthesia is used it will be necessary in starting the anesthesia to 9' rid ot the nitrogen which is normally present in the lungs (and blood and tissues) of the patient. This is necessary in order that the space in tne lungs which has been previously filled with nitrogen may become filled with nitrous oxide, (plus small per centage of oxygen to prevent suffocation The percentageof nitrous oxide which the patient breathes (in. combination with a. small amount of oxygen) must be, very high, preferably beingfrom 93 to 98 percent, or even greater. in the beginning st of the anesthesia. To attain this percentage the procedure is carried out as fol.-

lows: The rebreathing bag is filled with ing this process; But just aslthe patient starts 7 to exhale the operator suddenly presses inward on the headed end of slid-- able plunger 30. This operation carries headed screw 31 inward against the end of connecting bar 26, thereby pushingbar 26" and valve 24 a short distance inward within the tube. by pushing it a little distance away from the ground edge 21 ofcup shaped plu '22, and

this permits a portion of the exhaled nitro gen, a little of the accompanying oxygen and a small amount of nitrous oxide to pass out through perforations 2 shaped plug 22 into the surrounding atmos phere. As soon as the patient ceases to exhale the operator withdraws the pressure which he had applied to the head of slidable plunger 30 and this allowsvalve 24C to be again closed against ground edge 21 of cupshaped plug 22, this position being maintained during the period of the patients inhalation. In thismanner the patient inhales nearly pure nitrous oxide, but exhales the excess nitrogen (plus some nitrous oxide and a little oxygen) into the suri'oun h atmosphere. Thus the patient rapidly rids himself of the nitrogen which his lungs (and blood and tissues) contained at the be ginning of the administration of the nitrous oxide. Meanwhile his lungs have become filled with a. very high concentration of n trous oxide and after a few repetitions of this process the patient will have become sufficiently vdeeply anesthetized, and will havev gotten rid of practically all the ni-. trogen which his lungs and tissues prevh o'usly contained. Thereafter valve 2a is left tightly closed against ground edge 21 of cup-shaped plug 22 until the period of anesthesia is over. But if at any time the operator should admit an excess of oxygen or nitrous oxide to, the rebreathing bag, thus causing the patient to breathe an. great a pressure, then valve 24 may be opened for an instant by pressure applied to the head of slidable plunger 30, thus permitting escape of a part of the respiratory medium into the surrounding atmosphere, thereby relieving the patient.

Arfurther use for this valve and face piece is found in those. instances in which patients suffer from a prolonged series of frequently repeated pains of rather brief duration such as occur in obstetrical cases. Under such conditions the attendant fills the rebreathing bag with nitrous oxide. The

valve 24, isokept tightly closed with hand.

lever 36 in the position, shown in Fig. 4. The face piece-is placed on the patients face and either held down tightly in position by This action unseats the valvefrom cupiinst too the patients left hand, or else is tied down on the patients face by means of two gauze out into the surrounding atmosphere as described above, suddenly shifts hand lever 36 from the position shown in Fig. 4 forward into the position shown in Fig. The patient then liueathes back and forth into and out of the bag. In a few seconds (before the pain has become. sever the patient will pass into a state of analgesia, or partial or complete unconsciousness, and will there by cease to suffer from the pain. But when the patient has become suiii'ciently deeply anesthetized to lose. consciousness, there will be a general relaxation of all voluntarily contracted muscles, and the patient will. thus 'ivoluntarily allow hand lever 36 to be shifted back into the position shown in Fig. i by the force of coil spring 43. But when this occurs the patient will suddenly begin to breath back and forth into the surrounding atmosphere, and consciousness will be rapidly regained. The attendant (or operator) will watch in the meantime. to see that the rebreathing bag, or other larger container from which the nitrous oxide, or

mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen is being administered to the patient, is refilled as often as may be necessary according to the exigencies of the case. The sudden automatic closing of valve 24 as the patient slowly relaxes hand lever 36 prevents waste or loss of the nitrous oxide or other substance. administered to the patient.

My invention is capable of modification in materials, construction and arrangement of parts, as for instance the clamp may be hinged to the shell or otherwise mounted in relation thereto, without departing from the scope or spirit thereof, as delinedpin the claims.

lVhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

i. in. a combined face piece and automatic valve, a shell, a clamp hinged thereto, a slotted flexible and resilient disk and a superposed slot-ted elastic dam interposed between said shell and clamp whereby an air tight joint is formed between said clamp and. shell and means to control the medium being respired by the patient substantially as set forth.

In a combined face piece and automatic valve, a dish-shaped shell, a hollow clamp hinged thereon, a flexible. and resilient rubber disk having a central opening and an elastic rubber dam superposed thereon and held between said shell and clamp, saidshell having a valved passage leading to its con: cavity.

3. In a combined face piece and automatic valve, a dish-shaped shell having a hollow hinged clamp, a sponge rubber disk having an elongated central opening and having a plurality of laterally inclined tongues extending inwardly around said opening, an elastic covering mounted on saiddislr, and means for holding said disk and covering between said clamp and shell to form an air tight joint therebetween, said shell having a valved passage connet-ted to its concavity. I

i. In a combined face niece and autoi'natic valve, a dish-shaped shell having a valved opening leading to its concavity, a sponge rubber disk mounted on the rimof said shell, an elastic rubber dam mount-ed on said disk, a clamp hinged to said shell, forked ears on said shell, lunged bolts on said clamp adapted to engage said ears,

respectively, and a wing nut on each bolt adapted to engage said ears, respectively, whereby said disk and dani are tightly held between said shell and clamp.

5. In a device of the character described, a sponge rubber disk having a central opening and having supporting tongues projectmg into said opening, a dam comprising a thin, elastic, soft, rubber covering superposed on said sponge rubber disk, means for clamping said disk and dam in operative position and said dam having a longitudinal slit in its central portion for the our aoses set forth.

6. In a combined face piece and automatic valve, said face piece having a shell, a straight tube mounted on said shell. and communicating With the interior thereof, an angular tube mounted on said straight tube and communicating with the interior thereof,

the base of said angular tube having a bore of larger diameter-in one end than in its other end to form a valve seat, a double facedvalve mounted in said largerbore and having a stem on one side thereof, a connecting bar pivoted to said stem, a cup-shaped perforated and slotted plug mounted and secured in the base of said angular tube whereby the inner endof said plug forms a seat for said double faced valve, a housing attached to said angular tube and having a slot therein registering with'thev slot in said cup-shaped plug, said housing having a projecting hand hold on its outer wall and having a slot therethrough adjacentto said hand-hold, a T-arm pivoted to said housing through its head and pivotally connected to said connecting bar in said plug, a hand lever extending. through the slot adjacent to said hand-hold and pivoted to said housing, an actuating lever, a roller mounted on said actuating lever in engagement with said head, a pin off said hand lever, a spring connecting said pin and said actuating lever whereby said roller is kept in constant ongagement with said T-head, and a spring connecting said hand lever and said housing to automatically throw said valve from one position to another when the hand'lcver is released.

7. In a combined face piece and automatic valve, said face piece having a shell, a straight tube mounted on said shell and communicating with the interior thereof, an angular tube mounted 011 said straight tube and communicating with the interior thereof, the base of said angular tube having a bore of larger diameter in one .end than in its other end to form a valve seat, a double faced valve mounted in said larger bore and having a stem on one side thereof, a cupshaped plug mounted in said larger bore and forming a valve seat therein and having perforations through its wall and means for operating said valve from one seat to the other.

8. In a combined face piece and automatic valve, a dish-shaped face piece having elastic, resilient face engaging means, a straight tube connected to the interior of said face piece, an L-shaped tube mounted on said straight tube at an angle thereto, the base of said L-shaped tube having a bore in one end thereof larger thanin the other end whereby an offset is formed thereby produc ing a valve seat, a cup-shaped plug adapted to fit in said bore and form a valve seat, means for securing said cup-shaped plug to said base, said cup-shaped plug having its wall perforated and slotted, a valve in said base, means for operating said valve to en gage either of its seats and a headed sliding plunger adapted to move said valve from one of its seats.

9. In a combined face piece and automatic valve, a face piece having elastic resilient face engaging means, a straight tube connected to the interior ofsaid face piece, an L-shaped tube mounted on said straight tube and communicating therewith, a slotted, perforated and flanged tubular plug extending into and secured to said base, a valve in said base, a connecting bar pivotally connected to said valve, a slotted housing adjacent to said plug, a T-arm pivoted to said bar to move said valve from one seat to the ther and a headed slidable plunger adapted to move said valve from one of its seats.

10. In a combined face piece and automatic valve, a face piece having an opening therein adapted to engage the face of a patient, and form air-tight contact therewith, a straight tube, an angular tube, a

valve in said angular tube, a cup-shaped slotted and perforated plug mounted in said angular tube, a housing adjacent said angular tube and said plug, operating mechanism mounted in said housing and adapted to operate said valve, a hand lever adapted to actuate said operating mechanism, a handhold on said housing having a lug on the end thereof, and a pivoted link on the end of said hand lever adapted to engage said lug to hold said valve in engagement with its seat formed by the inner end of said cup shaped plum DENNIS E. JACKSON. 

